دوره 7، شماره 14 - ( پاییز و زمستان 1395 )                   جلد 7 شماره 14 صفحات 60-68 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


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(2017). Effects of Soil Preparation for Laboratorial Erosion Studies on Surface Runoff. jwmr. 7(14), 68-60. doi:10.29252/jwmr.7.14.68
URL: http://jwmr.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-757-fa.html
همایون فر وفا، خالدی درویشان عبدالواحد، صادقی سیدحمیدرضا. اثر آماده‌سازی خاک برای مطالعات آزمایشگاهی فرسایش بر رواناب سطحی پ‍‍ژوهشنامه مديريت حوزه آبخيز 1395; 7 (14) :60-68 10.29252/jwmr.7.14.68

URL: http://jwmr.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-757-fa.html


چکیده:   (4248 مشاهده)

     اگرچه مطالعات آزمایشگاهی رواناب و فرسایش در مقیاس کرت به دلیل مزایای پژوهشی اجتناب‌ناپذیر هستند، اما انجام این مطالعات مستلزم دست‌خوردگی، انتقال به آزمایشگاه و آماده‌سازی خاک برای قرارگیری در کرت‌ها بوده و این اقدامات به نوبه خود به کاهش اعتبار نتایج منجر می‌شوند. با این‌حال علی‌رغم اهمیت این موضوع، تاکنون کم‌تر به ارزیابی اثرات آماده‌سازی خاک بر متغیرهای رواناب و رسوب پرداخته شده است. بنابراین پژوهش حاضر به منظور مقایسه رواناب سطحی در دو حالت خاک دست­نخورده (شرایط طبیعی) و دست‌خورده (طی مراحل مختلف آماده‌سازی خاک برای مطالعات آزمایشگاهی) انجام گرفت. بدین منظور کرت‌های صحرایی با ابعاد 1×1 متر در دو حالت خاک دست‌نخورده و دست‌خورده در دامنه­ای دارای خاک شنی- رسی- لومی با شیب ثابت 18 درصد در حاشیه روستای کدیر در بالادست حوزه آبخیز آموزشی-پژوهشی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تحت بارندگی شبیه‌سازی شده با سه شدت 40، 60 و 80 میلی‌متر در ساعت قرار گرفت. سپس زمان شروع رواناب در خروجی هر رت ثبت و حجم و ضریب رواناب در پنج فاصله زمانی سه دقیقه پس از شروع رواناب اندازه­گیری شد. بر مبنای نتایچ حاصل از این پژوهش، میانگین زمان شروع، حجم و ضریب رواناب کرت در اثر دست‌خوردگی خاک به­طور معنی­دار (01/0> p) و به­ترتیب 29/2، 45/3 و 79/2 برابر افزایش یافتند که این موضوع به وضوح نشان‌دهنده عدم امکان تعمیم نتایج آزمایشگاهی رواناب و فرسایش به شرایط طبیعی بدون لحاظ اثرات ناشی از دست‌خوردگی خاک است. نتایج هم­چنین نشان داد که عوامل دست‌خوردگی خاک و شدت بارندگی اثر متقابل هم‌افزایی بر زمان شروع رواناب و اثر متقابل هم‌زدایی بر حجم و ضریب رواناب داشتند.

متن کامل [PDF 576 kb]   (1724 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: تخصصي
دریافت: 1395/11/4 | ویرایش نهایی: 1395/11/24 | پذیرش: 1395/11/4 | انتشار: 1395/11/4

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