دوره 12، شماره 24 - ( پاییز و زمستان 1400 1400 )
جلد 12 شماره 24 صفحات 319-308 |
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Kavian A, Gholami L, Kalehoei M, Soltani M. (2021). Soil and Water Conservation using Organic Corn Mulch under Simulated Rainfall. jwmr. 12(24), 308-319. doi:10.52547/jwmr.12.24.308
URL: http://jwmr.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1042-fa.html
URL: http://jwmr.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1042-fa.html
کاویان عطااله، غلامی لیلا، کله هویی مهین، سلطانی میلاد. "گزارش فنی"
حفاظت آب و خاک با استفاده از خاکپوش آلی ذرت تحت شرایط باران شبیه سازی شده پژوهشنامه مديريت حوزه آبخيز 1400; 12 (24) :319-308 10.52547/jwmr.12.24.308
دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
چکیده: (2143 مشاهده)
چکیده مبسوط
مقدمه و هدف: با توجه به اهمیت خاک و نقش مهم آن در تحول کشورها، روش‌های فراوانی برای حفظ این سرمایه ملی و مقابله با پیامدهای فرسایش خاک ارائه شده است. در سالهای اخیر، ایران نیز همانند سایر کشورها با استفاده از حفاظت‌کننده های آلی و غیرآلی خاک گامی مؤثر برای حفاظت خاک برداشته است. در همین راستا هدف مطالعه حاضر، بررسی اثر خاکپوش ذرت بر میزان تغییرات رواناب و رسوب است.
مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه در خاک لومی –شنی در مقیاس کرت های کوچک آزمایشگاهی با شیب 20 درصد و با استفاده از شبیه‌ساز باران با شدت 50 میلی‌متر بر ساعت با تداوم بارشی 10 دقیقه‌ای انجام شد. بدین منظور سه سطح پوشش 25، 50 و 75 درصد خاکپوش ذرت و چهار سطح رطوبتی، هوا خشک، 15، 20 و 30 درصد، طی سه تکرار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که اعمال پوشش خاکپوش ذرت تأثیر معنی‌داری بر کاهش رواناب و رسوب در سطح 99 درصد داشته است. با ثابت در نظرگرفتن سطحهای رطوبتی، مقدار رواناب و رسوب تولیدی در کرتهای بدون پوشش (شاهد) و پوشش 25، 50 و 75 درصد به‌ترتیب 4422، 4290، 3943 و 3619 میلی‌لیتر و 296، 136، 62 و 33 گرم بوده است. نتایج درصد تغییرات رواناب، رسوب و زمان شروع آن‌ها نیز نشان داد که خاکپوش در سطحهای پوشش حفاظتی 25، 50 و 75 درصد و رطوبت‌های مختلف توانست مقدار رواناب را به ترتیب 3/14، 11/25 و 19/29 درصد، رسوب به ترتیب 62/06، 77/09 و 88/85 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد (بدون پوشش حفاظتی) کاهش دهد. درصد تغییرات زمان شروع رواناب و رسوب نیز به ترتیب 32/23، 73/38 و 136/82 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش یافته است.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس تغییرات آب نمود و رسوب‌نمود مشخص شد که پوشش حفاظتی 75 درصد خاکپوش ذرت در سطحهای رطوبتی هواخشک، 15، 20 و 30 درصد به‌ترتیب با داشتن 645، 452، 215 و 99 ثانیه در افزایش زمان شروع رواناب و رسوب در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد مؤثرتر از سایر سطحهای پوششی به کار برده شده، بوده است. هرچند که دو مقدار دیگر (25 و 50 درصد) نیز بر افزایش زمان شروع رواناب و رسوب تولیدی نیز مؤثر بودند. علم به روند تغییرات رواناب و رسوب و زمان شروع آن‌ها با اعمال پوشش حفاظتی می‌تواند ابزاری مفید و راهکاری کارا برای امر حفاظت خاک و آب پیشنهاد شود.
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي |
موضوع مقاله:
حفاظت آب و خاک
دریافت: 1398/6/16 | ویرایش نهایی: 1400/12/4 | پذیرش: 1399/3/17 | انتشار: 1400/6/10
دریافت: 1398/6/16 | ویرایش نهایی: 1400/12/4 | پذیرش: 1399/3/17 | انتشار: 1400/6/10
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