Journal of Watershed Management Research

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Kavian A, Gholami L, Kalehoei M, Soltani M. (2021). Soil and Water Conservation using Organic Corn Mulch under Simulated Rainfall. jwmr. 12(24), 308-319. doi:10.52547/jwmr.12.24.308
URL: http://jwmr.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1042-en.html

Extended Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Given the importance of soil and its significant role in the countries evolution, numerous methods are presented to preserve this national capital and to combat the soil erosion consequences. In recent years, Iran like other countries, has taken an effective step to protect soil using organic and inorganic soil preservatives. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of corn mulch on rate and changes runoff and sediment.
Material and Methods: This study was in loam – sandy soil in scale small plots laboratory and using a rain simulation with an intensity of 50 mm / h with a10-minute duration has been done. For this purpose, three levels of protective cover of 25, 50 and 75% of corn mulch one control treatment (without conservation cover) with four levels of moisture, air dry, 15, 20 and 30% were considered in three replications.
Results: The results of this study showed that application of corn mulch has a significant effect on runoff and sediment reduction at 99% level. Considering the moisture levels, the amount of runoff and sediment yield in uncoated (control) and 25, 50 and 75% plots were 4422, 4290, 3943 and 3619 ml and 296, 136, 62 and 33 g, respectively. The results of percentage change of runoff, sediment and start time of them showed that the cover at 25, 50 and 75 percent protective cover and different moisture levels were 3.14, 11.25 and 19.29 percent, respectively. Sediment reduction was 62.06%, 77.09% and 88.85%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (without protective cover). The percentage of changes in runoff and sediment of them increased by 32.23%, 73.38% and 136.82%, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the changes in hydrograph and sediment graph, it was found that 75% corn mulch at 15, 20, and 30% moisture content at 645, 452, 215 and 99 seconds, respectively, was more effective in increasing runoff and sediment time to runoff compared to the control treatment other cover surfaces have been used. However, two more (25 and 50%) were also effective in increasing production time to runoff and sediment. knowledge the trends of runoff and sediment changes and their time by applying conservation cover can be a useful tool and effective solution for soil and water conservation.