دوره 13، شماره 26 - ( پاییز و زمستان 1401 1401 )                   جلد 13 شماره 26 صفحات 242-230 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


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Zarei R, Khaledi Darvishan A. (2022). The Role of Surface Sealing on Sediment Concentration and Soil Loss in Laboratory Plots under Simulation of Subsequent Rainfalls. J Watershed Manage Res. 13(26), 230-242. doi:10.52547/jwmr.13.26.230
URL: http://jwmr.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1188-fa.html
زارعی رضا، خالدی درویشان عبدالواحد. نقش اندوده سطحی در غلظت رسوب و هدررفت خاک از کرت‌های آزمایشگاهی تحت شبیه‌سازی باران های متوالی پ‍‍ژوهشنامه مديريت حوزه آبخيز 1401; 13 (26) :242-230 10.52547/jwmr.13.26.230

URL: http://jwmr.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1188-fa.html


1- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
چکیده:   (1295 مشاهده)
چکیده مبسوط
مقدمه و هدف: خاک یکی از مهمترین سرمایه‌های ملی هر کشور محسوب می‌شود. از آنجایی که تاثیرات تخریب خاکدانه ­ها و تشکیل اندوده سطحی بر افزایش سیل­خیزی،کاهش حاصلخیزی خاک و افزایش میزان فرسایش موضوع مهمی است، لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش اندوده سطحی در غلظت رسوب و هدررفت خاک است.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر در دو بافت خاک لومی-شنی و لومی-شنی-رسی تحت تاثیر سه توالی بارندگی با شدت‌های بارندگی 50 و 90 میلی‌متر در ساعت با فواصل 10 روز و به مدت 15 دقیقه در کرت‌های فرسایشی کوچک با ابعاد 0/5× 0/5 متر با شیب 18 درصد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین برای اندازه‌گیری اندوده سطحی از دو  شاخص میانگین وزنی قطر خاک‌دانه‌های سطح خاک و اسکنر سه‌بعدی با دقت 20 میکرومتر استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که توالی بارندگی بر غلظت رسوب و هدررفت خاک تاثیر معنی‌دار (0/01p) داشت. در اثر توالی بارندگی هدررفت خاک در بافت لومی-شنی در شدت‌ بارندگی 50 میلی‌متر در ساعت حدود 45 درصد افزایش یافت در حالی که در شدت بارندگی 90 میلی‌متر  در ساعت حدود 38 درصد کاهش یافت و در بافت لومی-شنی-رسی به­ترتیب در شدت های بارندگی 50 و 90 میلی‌متر در ساعت هدررفت خاک به ترتیب 5 و 67 درصد کاهش یافت. میزان غلظت رسوب نیز بعد از توالی‌های بارندگی کاهش یافت. نتایج اندازه‌گیری هدررفت خاک نشان داد که از بارندگی اول تا بارندگی سوم جز در بافت لومی-شنی در شدت بارندگی 50 میلی‌متر در ساعت، در هر دو خاک ، میزان رسوب خروجی کاهش یافت. نتایج حاصل از اسکنر سه‌بعدی در شدت بارندگی 50 میلی‌متر در ساعت نشان داد زبری سطح خاک در بافت لومی-شنی از 1/30 به 1/18 میلی‌متر و در بافت لومی-شنی-رسی از 1/80 به 1/31 کاهش یافت، اما در شدت بارندگی 90 میلی‌متر در ساعت میزان زبری افزایش یافت و از تشکیل اندوده سطحی جلوگیری گرد.
نتیجه‌گیری: زبری سطح خاک و اندوده سطحی حاصل از بارندگی قبلی قادر است شرایط سطح خاک و رواناب و هدررفت خاک را در مقیاس کرت تغییر دهد و شدت این تغییرات تحت تاثیرات متقابل شدت بارندگی و بافت خاک می‌باشد.


 
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نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: فرسايش خاک و توليد رسوب
دریافت: 1400/12/22 | پذیرش: 1401/8/17

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