دوره 11، شماره 22 - ( پاییز و زمستان 1399 )
جلد 11 شماره 22 صفحات 95-76 |
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گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده: (2156 مشاهده)
سیستم‌های پیچیده اجتماعی- بومی مانند آنچه در مدیریت آب یک حوزه آبریز اتفاق می‌افتد، معمولاً پویا، چندهدفه یا چندبعدی بوده و نیازمند مشارکت جدی کنشگران متعدد است و تصمیم‌گیری در چنین سیستم‌هایی همواره با مشکلاتی جدی روبه‌رو است. حوزه آبریز کشف رود در استان خراسان رضوی به دلیل رشد شدید جمعیت، توسعه اقتصادی بالا، کمیابی آب و تخصیص غیر یکپارچه منابع آب دارای بحرانیترین آبخوانهای کشور است. در این راستا بهترین راه مدیریت آب، ایجاد تعامل سازنده میان کنشگران درگیر در این حوزه است. بدین منظور پژوهش حاضر با رویکردی مشارکتی به ارائه چارچوبی جهت شناسایی، تحلیل و مشارکت کنشگران کلیدی در فرآیند تصمیم‌سازی این حوزه آبریز پرداخته است. این چارچوب مشارکتی دارای دو بخش است. بخش اول تحلیل و پیمایش بیش از 60 کنشگر به کمک روش گلوله برفی و ماتریس قدرت- علاقه و بخش دوم مشارکت و درگیر نمودن کنشگران کلیدی با استفاده از مدل‌های دایره تاثیر (CI) و IAP2 انجام شد. نتایج این پژوهش منجر به تدوین یک چشم‌انداز مشترک در افق ۱۴۲۰ شده است که در آن حوزه آبریز کشف رود دارای تعادل پایا در منابع و مصارف آب خواهد بود. ذیل این چشم‌انداز، 19 راهبرد، 63 سیاست کلان و 232 سیاست خرد (اجرایی) تدوین‌یافته است که 41 درصد از این سیاستها ماهیت اجتماعی داشته‌اند. ارزیابی پرسشنامه‌ای، اجرایی و موثر بودن سیاستها نشان داده است که اکثریت کنشگران کلیدی این حوزه با اجماع بالا بر اجرایی شدن و اثرگذاری آن سیاستها در جهت دستیابی به چشم انداز مشترک اجماع داشته‌اند. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، چارچوب منسجم ارائه شده می‌تواند به عنوان مبنایی برای شناسایی، اولویت‌بندی، تحلیل و مشارکت کنشگران در جهت افزایش سطح مشارکت ایشان در فرآیند تصمیم سازی مدیریت آب حوزه های آبریز کشور ارائه شود.
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي |
موضوع مقاله:
مديريت حوزه های آبخيز
دریافت: 1397/12/11 | ویرایش نهایی: 1400/2/28 | پذیرش: 1398/3/29 | انتشار: 1399/12/13
دریافت: 1397/12/11 | ویرایش نهایی: 1400/2/28 | پذیرش: 1398/3/29 | انتشار: 1399/12/13
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